The LDA Podcast: An Exploration of Evidence-Informed Approaches to Learning and Development

The ”To Pivot or Not to Pivot, That is the Question” Episode

In this episode, we offer up three independent segments. Matt Richter is joined first by Nidhi Sachdeva. Nidhi is both an evidence-based learning designer and a researcher. She just completed her PhD in the spring, and the two talk about the differences between learning and performance. Then, Guy Wallace is in the house. Guy needs no introduction, having been a performance analyst and instructional architect for a few decades now. We talk about his latest book, The L&D Pivot Point, published by LDA Press. Finally, in our third segment, the inimitable Thiagi joins Matt for a new series we will intermittently run called “A Person of Interest.” Thiagi shares his biography… his story with us.You can find Nidhi most easily on LinkedIn here: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nidhi-sachdeva-toronto/, or her blog with Jim Hewitt here: https://scienceoflearning.substack.com Guy can be found here: https://eppic.biz/guy-w-wallace-2/ And, Thiagi here: https://thiagi.com. Nidhi references the work of Paul Kirscher, John Sweller, and Richard Mayer and their article, Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work: An Analysis of the Failure of Constructivist, Discovery, Problem-Based, Experiential, and Inquiry-Based Teaching. You can find it here: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1207/s15326985ep4102_1?needAccess=true Matt & Nidhi refer to the cognitive architecture and instructional design when discussing complex skills. He references the Sweller, van Merrienboer, and Paas article from 1998: Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design found here: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1022193728205 They also deviate and start talking about SDT (Self-Determination Theory), and you can learn more about that here: https://selfdeterminationtheory.orgAnd, Matt wrote an article about SDT in the context of learning found here: https://ldaccelerator.com/lda-blog-1/open-the-motivational-door-and-let-the-learners-in-and-keep-them The 85% Rule for Optimal Learning can be found here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12552-4 Scott Rigby and Richard Ryan, Glued to Games: How Video Games Draw Us In and Hold Us Spellbound. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2012-01778-000  Guy’s book, The L&D Pivot point can be purchased here: https://ldaccelerator.com/the-ld-pivot-point Thiagi studied with Albert Elsen. Here’s more info about him: https://honorsandawards.iu.edu/awards/honoree/1453.html BEST AND WORST REFERENCES:Daniel Willingham Tik Tok on the fallacy of rereading for studying. Ok… there are a ton of Tim Tok videos by Dan. We aren’t sure exactly which one she referred to, but after going through several to find it, we recommend the whole darn Willingham channel. It’s great. https://www.tiktok.com/@daniel_willingham 

Navigating the AI Revolution: Individual Initiative and Organizational Strategy

In this episode, Markus and Josh delve into the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence on both organizations and individual professionals. They emphasize the urgency for individuals to proactively engage with AI technologies, particularly in the fields of education and corporate training. The discussion also navigates through the ethical and strategic complexities that accompany this technological shift. Tune in to gain insights into how individual initiative in AI adoption could be a decisive factor in career and organizational success.Links referred to or promised in the episode: Classes https://go.joshcavalier.com/masterclass Patreonhttps://www.patreon.com/JoshCavalier 150+ Prompts for Educationhttps://www.joshcavalier.com/150Prompts YouTubehttps://www.youtube.com/@joshcavLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/joshcavalier/ 

The ”Follow the Leader” Episode

In this episode, podcast host, Matt Richter is joined by Nigel Paine, organizational learning and leadership expert. Together, they spend the whole episode exploring that nebulous and vague concept of leadership. They fail to definitively lock in a definition for leadership— thus demonstrating one of the inherent challenges organizations face when leveraging LD programs. But, more importantly, they look at what we can do, when we effectively develop leaders within organizational contexts. Leaders are all about managing… managing the context. No one style, approach, model, theory, or consultant prescription will work in all scenarios… of at all. So, what is one to do? Focus on flexibly adapting and managing that aforementioned context. Recognize that that there are so many different perspectives— the leaders, the followers, other players, etc. And then find ways to accept and leverage those different perspectives.In other words, leadership is utterly founded on adaptation and change. It is about systems thinking. To paraphrase Keith Grint, leadership is all about working to solve those wicked problems we face.Nigel answers the question about how we can predict or forecast whether someone will be a good leader. Which then leads to a discussion of how we conceive of leadership in our culture and how we describe leadership success.Below are some references and notes from the show:We referenced both Barbara Kellerman and Jeffrey Pfeffer:Kellerman, B. (2012). The End of Leadership. New York: Harper Collins. Kellerman, B. (2015). Hard Times: Leadership in America. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Pfeffer, J. (2015). Leadership BS: Fixing Workplaces and Careers One Truth at a Time. New York, Harper Business. Matt mentioned some of the Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus management comparisons reference: Young, M., & Dulewicz, V. (2007). Similarities and Differences between Leadership and Management: High-Performance Competencies in the British Royal Navy. British Journal of Management, 19(1), 17-32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2007.00534.xAnd the book from them is LEADERS: Strategies for Taking Charge.Nigel mentioned John Kotter. Here are two references that sum up his work nicely.Kotter, J.P. (2001) What Leaders Really Do. Harvard Business Review. December 2001.Adapted from A Force for Change: How Leadership Differs From Management (pp. 3–8), by J. P. Kotter, 1990, New York, NY: Free Press. General Electric’s Crotonville Leadership Institute was actually opened in 1956, not in 1947, as Nigel stated. We referred to Keith Grint and his article:Grint, K. (2005). Problems, problems, problems: The social construction of ‘leadership.’ Human Relations. 58 (11), 1467-1494.The originators of wicked and tame problems: Rittel and Webber.Rittel, H.W.J. and Webber, M.M.. (1973) Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning. Policy Sciences. 4, pp. 155-169.Peter Senge and The Fifth Discipline. You can find the book anywhere books are sold.Winston Churchill. There are a ton of biographies about Churchill. Matt’s favorite’s are the William Manchester volumes. Neville Chamberlain reference: Self, R. (2013, September 30). Was Neville Chamberlain Really a Weak and Terrible Leader? Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-24300094.Tina Kiefer— and others—  on the drawing a Leader exercise: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/16/health/women-leadership-workplace.html?smid=url-share Joseph Devlin: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/joseph-t-devlin_learningstyles-brainmyth-activity-7113156889688854528-RFWZ?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop

AI and L&D Insights-- Large Language Models: Hype vs. Reality

In this episode, Markus and Chris Pedder, Chief Data Scientist at OBRIZUM, discuss the rise and utility of large language models (LLMs) in L&D, including their limitations, as well as ethical concerns.

The ”Once Upon A Time” Episode

In this episode, we reboot the Truth in Learning podcast. After catching up with Will Thalheimer, and introducing Clark Quinn, we give a brief update on the direction of the show. We then explore the question, "What should every CEO know... care about... concerning learning and development?" In fact, Will will share some of his recent insights into the topic based on his new and upcoming book.Folks can find Will at https://www.worklearning.com/.Learn about his upcoming book here: https://www.ceosguide.net/Then, Kat Koppett, renowned expert on applied improvisational theater techniques and storytelling, joins the conversation with Matt and Clark. Together, they explore what is meant by storytelling in the context of learning, and learning and development. They discuss some of the academic and research disciplines that are foundational to applied storytelling, referencing psychologist Jerome Bruner, cultural theorist Mieke Bal, applied researcher Roger Shank, and others. You can find Kat at: https://www.koppett.com/.Finally, the team brings back the best and the worst-- where hosts and guests share their best and worst observations in the industry.

The ”Leadership Development is a Waste of Time and Money” Episode

In this episode (recorded on September 29, 2020— the day of the first US Presidential debate) we are joined by our friend, Gary DePaul, PhD. We explore:LeadershipLeadership development The current state of leadership development in L&DWhether we should even bother to invest in it.And a ton more.We start with a deep dive debating the definition of leadership and its Rorschach-like characteristics. Then, we bring up that old chestnut as to the differences between management and leadership. Gary proposes a unique slant on this conundrum.Matt links the discourse of leadership in business more concretely to history and politics.The discussion navigates through semantics, leadership semiotics,  and the effect definitions have on practical issues in leadership discourse. We argue the roles, responsibilities, and practices of leadership. And, of course, we debate the how, the why, and the what of leadership development. Gary referenced Mary Parker Follette. You can learn more about this American social worker and management consultant here.Matt references James MacGregor Burns. You can learn more about this historian here.Matt references Peter Northouse and his book, LEADERSHIP: THEORY AND PRACTICE. Will keeps bringing up the practical side of the issue (an excellent point in the discussion)… what do leaders do? Who leads and who follows? What are the roles of followers? And, can we develop toward those functions? We discuss several tropes in the field, such as, “Everyone can lead,” “Everyone should lead,” and “Everyone can be taught to lead.”The guys relate the issues of reliability and validity as they pertain to leader training.Matt references the book, LEADERSHIP BS, by Stanford professor, Jeffrey Pfeffer, sharing several findings that stipulate leadership development is hugely invested in, but either poorly measured or measured as ineffective. You can find the book here.Will shares a literature review, arguing against Matt’s premise. Leadership Training Design, Delivery, and Implementation: A Meta-Analysis by Christina N. Lacerenza, Denise L. Reyes, and Shannon L. Marlow, Dana L. Joseph, and Eduardo Salas. You can find it and purchase it here.Matt tells  of Ronald Reagan’s storytelling as a leadership technique. The reference for that is THE INVISIBLE BRIDGE: THE RISE AND FALL OF NIXON AND THE RISE OF REAGAN by Rick Perlstein.Matt’s book referenced is THE LEADERSHIP STORY: A NEW MODEL FOR LEADERSHIP (ePub version). Or, the Kindle Version here.We refer to several studies on the perception of women in leadership roles. A summary of those studies with embedded links is in this New York Times article.Of course, Will brings up the issues around measurement and evaluation.Finally, we end the episode briefly digging into what is ethical leadership, as well as courageous leadership.We have also put together a list of references and resources. CLICK HERE. The list is by no means exhaustive and complete. It is a set Matt uses in his program, The Leadership Development, Development Workshop.  Due to time constraints in the episode, we skipped The Best and the Worst this round.Our guest, Gary, is an author, speaker, and leadership consultant with Gary DePaul Consulting. With more than 20 years of practitioner and academic experiences in performance improvement, Gary helps elevate the performance of individuals, teams, and organizations. His areas of practice include leadership development, organizational evaluation, speaking events, workshop facilitation, and executive coaching. He can be found at: https://www.garyadepaul.comGary has written several books worth reading.WHAT THE HECK IS LEADERSHIP AND WHY SHOULD I CARE? NINE PRACTICES OF 21st CENTURY LEADERSHIP: A GUIDE FOR INSPIRING CREATIVITY, INNOVATION, AND ENGAGEMENTTHE MOST EFFECTIVE AND RESPONSIBLE CLINICAL TRAINING TECHNIQUES IN MEDICINEGary is also the moderator, along with our friend, Guy Wallace, of HPT Treasures, an blogging site with tons of HPT practitioners providing monthly articles. Both Will and Matt are contributors, as well. You can find it here. 

The ”Smiley Sheet” Episode

Will and Matt are back after a six month hiatus. For their return, they catch up the Truth in Learning community on what they have been doing--primarily focusing on the six-month Learning Development Conference 2020, or LDC. LDC was an inaugural global event with over 300 participants. An all-digital conference with over 60 live, synchronous programs and 20+ asynchronous workshops. In this episode our itinerant podcasters spend a few minutes talking about the passing of Roger Kaufman, a giant in the field of performance improvement. We were so lucky to have him on the show. The "I'm a Coach... Really... I Am" Episode where he and Will had a one-on-one conversation. In Will's eulogy, he mentions the recent creation of The Kaufman Center, created this year, as the custodian of Roger's legacy, a think tank dedicated to promoting Roger's Mega thinking in social value-adding projects and ideas.Then, we spend the majority of the episode talking about the issues surrounding Smiley Sheets, or “Learner Surveys” as Will now calls them. We explore the:The inherent issues with Smiley SheetsThe actual benefits of Smiley Sheets (According to Will, there are a few!)How to mitigate the negative effects of themHow to use Smiley Sheets to manage expectations among the participants, the facilitators, and the stakeholdersHow to construct a decent Smiley Sheet QuestionExamples of bad questionsExamples of how to translate a bad question into a good oneAnd, more…Will has recently been updating his book, Performance-Focused Smile Sheets: A Radical Rethinking of a Dangerous Art Form. DON'T GO BUY THIS VERSION OF THE BOOK. Will's second edition is a significant upgrade and he wants you to buy that one when it comes out.We also (BIG NEWS) announce our next venture—The Learning Development Accelerator (LDA), the new L&D professional organization that will have a plethora of services, programs, conferences, and resources for members. Website to come.And, of course, we end the episode with The Best and the Worst. Matt goes after the application of The Collective Intelligence. NOTE: Matt wants to be clear, his comments on voting were irreverent and mostly sarcastic. Will wants to be clear, he sometimes knows what Matt is thinking.

The ”Research-Informed” Episode

PLEASE NOTE: This episode was the last recorded episode before COVID-19 really exploded in the US. We were quite aware of, and sensitive to, the dangers world-wide, but weren’t aware yet of how the virus manifested, nor how badly the US, particularly the Northeast, would be hit. The magnitude of the crisis wasn’t fully felt at this point. __________________________________For this single-topic episode, we are thrilled to have the great Mirjam Neelen join us to discuss her new book, Evidence-Informed Learning Design: Creating Training to Improve Performance, co-authored with the also great Paul Kirschner. Throughout the episode we talk with Mirjam about many learning issues she and Paul raise in the book, including the following:The difference between evidence-based and evidence-informedWhy learning professionals sometimes default to poorly supported modelsThree-Star Learning ExperiencesWhether learning should be funThe difference between learning problems and performance problemsUsing authentic learning tasksDirected instruction versus discovery learningThe Top Five Effective Learning StrategiesAnd, the Flop Five Learning Strategies (well just a taste of these)Nuance and complexity in learningAnd, so much more!After the conversation, Will and Matt debrief and discuss many of the ramifications and applications from or chat with Mirjam. We go deeper into many of the issues raised, especially on the topics of fun, nuance, and complexity. We probably shouldn’t have, but we use President Trump’s reliance on his hunches with regard to the brewing (at the time of recording) COVID-19 crisis rather than a reliance on the scientific institutions he should rely on throughout all of this. We talk about Mirjam and Paul’s discussion in the book about the improper reliance on neuroscience. And, more…Finally, we bring Mirjam back for the Best and the Worst. Mirjam references Michelle Oker’s reading group on research. Click to go to the group.Will mentioned Truth in Learning friend, Emma Weber. Her company is LEVER: Transfer of Learning. Mirjam is a Learning Experience Design Lead with over 10 years of industry experience, working at companies such as Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Google, the Learnovate Centre, and now Accenture.  In her current role, she leads the learning experience design processes across Accenture’s various business entities globally.  Mirjam is a proud advocate for evidence-informed approaches to learning design. She’s had a collaborative blog with Paul over 4 years on https://3starlearningexperiences.wordpress.com/.You can find Mirjam and Paul’s book wherever great books are sold. Click here to get it on Amazon.

Will’s Big Announcement Teaser

Will breaks into podcast studio, and shares some important announcements while Matt works tirelessly on the website for Will and Matt's big announcement. Will talks about the LearningDevelopmentReflections.com website response to the Coronavirus pandemic, recent episodes, cancellations of Matt and Will's live shows, and more... Will does a teaser for Matt and Will's BIG ANNOUNCEMENT--the thing that will change the L&D field forever. Matt's going to be really pissed when he learns about Will playing with the podcast while Matt works to exhaustion on the new website.

The ”Women in Learning” Episode

For our latest episode, we return to the single topic format. The entire episode focuses on WOMEN IN LEARNING. In other words, we explore what it’s like for women in the learning and development field. We are joined by three experts on this subject. Specifically, we explore:Issues women face delivering their work in L&DStruggles women face moving up in the field— overall and day-to-dayThe value proposition of inclusion and a diversityDynamics between companies, vendors, and employeesThe impact financials have on gender diversityThe role men have positively played in supporting and mentoring women in L&DCompanies that don’t focus on inclusive environments and what may happen to themThe Ernst & Young Learning ScandalSuggestions for what we can all do to make things betterAnd, so much more.Kate Graham is the head of content with analyst Fosway Group, She shapes the output from their research agenda, staying across technology trends and industry activity to drive practical, insightful analysis and resources for our corporate and vendor clients - and the industry as a whole. Along with our second guest, Sharon Claffey Kaliouby, Kate founded the WOMEN IN LEARNING initiative.  Fosway Group can be found at: https://www.fosway.com. And, Kate’s personal blog is: https://kategraham23.wordpress.com. Sharon Claffey Kaliouby is the VP, North America at Learning Pool. Learning Pool is a full-service e-learning provider, offering a range of courses, tools and content creation to over 750 organizations and 2 million learners in 21 countries. Lori-Niles Hofmann should already be familiar with Truth in Learning listeners, having joined us for our recent discussion about LMSs. Lori is a senior learning strategist with over 20 years of L&D experience across many industries, including international banking, management consulting, and marketing. Lori’s website is: https://lorinileshofmann.squarespace.com. You can find WOMEN IN LEARNING at #womeninlearning on LinkedIn. And, of course, we end with The Best and the Worst.Will mentioned our good friend, Julie Dirksen. You can find Julie at https://usablelearning.com.